Conditional Rendering #

The directive v-if is used to conditionally render a block. The block will only be rendered if the directive’s expression returns a truthy value.

template

<
h1
 
v-if
=
"
awesome
"
>
Vue is awesome!
</
h1
>

You can use the v-else directive to indicate an “else block” for v-if:

template

<
button
 @
click
=
"
awesome
 = !
awesome
"
>
Toggle
</
button
>

<
h1
 
v-if
=
"
awesome
"
>
Vue is awesome!
</
h1
>
<
h1
 
v-else
>
Oh no 😢
</
h1
>

Vue is awesome!

A v-else element must immediately follow a v-if or a v-else-if element – otherwise it will not be recognized.

The v-else-if, as the name suggests, serves as an “else if block” for v-if. It can also be chained multiple times:

template

<
div
 
v-if
=
"
type
 === 
'
A
'"
>
  A
</
div
>
<
div
 
v-else-if
=
"
type
 === 
'
B
'"
>
  B
</
div
>
<
div
 
v-else-if
=
"
type
 === 
'
C
'"
>
  C
</
div
>
<
div
 
v-else
>
  Not A/B/C
</
div
>

Similar to v-else, a v-else-if element must immediately follow a v-if or a v-else-if element.

Because v-if is a directive, it has to be attached to a single element. But what if we want to toggle more than one element? In this case we can use v-if on a <template> element, which serves as an invisible wrapper. The final rendered result will not include the <template> element.

template

<
template
 
v-if
=
"
ok
"
>
  
<
h1
>
Title
</
h1
>
  
<
p
>
Paragraph 1
</
p
>
  
<
p
>
Paragraph 2
</
p
>
</
template
>

v-else and v-else-if can also be used on <template>.

Another option for conditionally displaying an element is the v-show directive. The usage is largely the same:

template

<
h1
 
v-show
=
"
ok
"
>
Hello!
</
h1
>

The difference is that an element with v-show will always be rendered and remain in the DOM; v-show only toggles the display CSS property of the element.

v-show doesn’t support the <template> element, nor does it work with v-else.

v-if is “real” conditional rendering because it ensures that event listeners and child components inside the conditional block are properly destroyed and re-created during toggles.

v-if is also lazy: if the condition is false on initial render, it will not do anything – the conditional block won’t be rendered until the condition becomes true for the first time.

In comparison, v-show is much simpler – the element is always rendered regardless of initial condition, with CSS-based toggling.

Generally speaking, v-if has higher toggle costs while v-show has higher initial render costs. So prefer v-show if you need to toggle something very often, and prefer v-if if the condition is unlikely to change at runtime.

Note

It’s not recommended to use v-if and v-for on the same element due to implicit precedence. Refer to style guide for details.

When v-if and v-for are both used on the same element, v-if will be evaluated first. See the list rendering guide for details.